![]() ![]() This study provides useful information to better understand the effect of biomass burning on the air quality in the Yangtze River Delta region. With the addition of BB organic tracers and replaced K + with K + BB (the water-soluble potassium produced by biomass burning), the overall contribution of BB to PM 2.5 was enhanced by 3.2 % after accounting for levoglucosan degradation based on the PMF analysis. Compared to the traditional method (i.e., only using K + as BB tracer), organic tracers (Lev, Man, Gal) were put into the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model in this study. This illustrated that the relative contribution of BB to OC could be underestimated (~14.9 %) without considering degradation of levoglucosan. Without considering the degradation of levoglucosan in the atmosphere, the contribution of BB to OC were 7.8 %, 10.2 %, and 9.3 % in the clean period, BB period, and whole period, respectively, which were 2.4–2.6 times lower than those (20.8 %–25.9 %) considered levoglucosan degradation. During the sampling period, the degradation level of air mass ( x) was 0.13, indicating that ~87 % of levoglucosan had degraded before sampling in Changzhou. Temporal variations of three anhydro-sugar BB tracers (e.g., levoglucosan, mannosan (Man), and galactosan (Gal)) were obtained. A1 Website Analyzer 5.0.4 free download - Website content and structure analysis tools. To quantify the influence of the degradation of Lev on the contribution of BB to PM 2.5, PM 2.5-bound biomass burning-derived markers were measured in Changzhou from November 2020 to March 2021 using the thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (TAG-GC/MS) system. In previous studies, levoglucosan was frequently used for the calculation of BB contribution to PM 2.5, however, the degradation of levoglucosan (Lev) could lead to large uncertainties.
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